How do you stay safe during a hurricane?

Watch weather channels like this

The safest thing to do is listen to the radio or TV. They can tell you what is best. You should stay away from windows and doors. You should always stay indoors. Bring a flashlight in case power goes out. If you are outside, do not touch power lines in case they can electrocute you.

How do people measure hurricanes?

There are a couple ways to, but I like the Saffir-Simpson hurricane scale best. There are 5 levels. The 1^st type can tip mobile homes and snap trees. The 2^nd one can lift houses and damage road signs a lot. The 3^rd one can destroy houses that are not stable. Number 4 includes major flooding. The 5^th one is the worst. Only a couple buildings are not damaged or blown away.

This is the Saffir-Simpson scale

Introduction to hurricanes

This is a hurricane

Hurricanes are major sea storms. They are particularly devastating during many hurricanes. There are two names for a hurricane: hurricane and tropical cyclone. The “tropical” part of tropical cyclone is where most hurricanes form, the tropics. The “cyclone” part is because of the swirling winds. A tornado is also called a cyclone.

What are some types of volcanoes?

These are 3 types of volcanoes

There are 4 types of volcanoes. The first type is called a shield volcano. It is because of the smooth surface that is shield-like. The second one is called a cinder cone. When it explodes, cinders fall to the ground. The 3^rd one is called composite volcanoes. These are usually steep. The last one is a lava dome volcano. It is formed when the lava is too sticky to flow much and piles around the crater, forming a dome.

Introduction to volcanoes

A volcano is an opening in the earth’s crust. Inside the earth there is a thing called magma. It is a very hot liquid. It is made of crystals, volcanic glass, and bubbles made of volcanic gases. A volcano lets the magma blast outside of the earth. Magma is stored on the inside of the volcano. Magma keeps adding to itself on the inside of the volcano. When there is enough pressure on the inside of the volcano, it explodes.


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This is a volcano

 

Where do tsunamis occur?



This is the ring of fire



Tsunamis, 80% of the time, happen in the ring of fire. That is the mostly border of the pacific plate.   It is near left North & South America, eastern Asia, and New Zealand. There are a lot of volcanoes in the area, hence the name. A famous example is Mt. Saint Helens. This was located in Washington State, within the ring of fire.

 

Introduction to Tsunamis



This is a tsunami



A tsunami is a giant wave. When it reaches land, It usually turns into 5 giant waves. Tsunamis are made by landslides or undersea earthquakes. They are usually around 30-50 feet tall. There are a few occasions that they are 1,000 feet tall. These are called mega-tsunamis. It is caused by asteroid impacts or huge landslides.

What is a scale to determine how dangerous an earthquake is?

This is the Richter scale

Earthquakes are on a scale called the Richter scale. Less than 2 cannot be felt. It happens infinity times every year. 2-3 do not cause damage but can be felt. 4-5 has items shaking but do not cause big damage. 6-7 cause big damage to large areas. 8-9 cause serious and devastating damage. 10 has never been recorded. It causes serious, devastating, and super destruction.

How can people predict earthquakes?

This is what a seismograph looks like

Right now, scientists cannot totally predict earthquakes, but they are working on it. One of the things they use to predict an earthquake is called a seismograph. They track the motion in the ground. This can tell them if there is an earthquake coming.

How does an earthquake happen?



Thses are the ways an earthquake can happen



The earthquake happens when a plate of the earth moves against another one. A plate is a big piece of the earth. There are 3 ways a plate can move. One is called strike-slip. This is when one plate moves sideways. Another is called reverse. One plate moves upwards. The last one is called normal. It is when a plate moves down. There is another one when the plates push apart.

Introduction to earthquakes

This is what can happen after an earthquake

An earthquake is the movement of the earth’s plates. A plate is a big piece of the earth. There are around 20 plates.  Earthquakes happen many times a year. This means much suffering to a lot of people.

How many blizzards happen per year?

Blizzards happen mostly in the northern part of the world. This includes the U.S., Canada, Iceland, Northern Russia, and The North Pole. In fact, almost all the blizzards that happen occur in these countries. This may be because there is more snow there than, for example, the equator.

how do you survive a blizzard?

Even though this may happen, stay inside.

It actually depends on where you are. If you are in a car, turn on the heat and do an exercise to keep your blood flowing. If you are outside, get into shelter as soon as possible. If no shelter is available, dig a trench that you can fit into and crouch inside of it. If you are inside shelter, you should stay inside at all costs unless of an emergency.

What is a scale for measuring blizzards?

This is a graph that shows the NESIS scale

There is a scale called the NorthEast Snowfall Impact scale, shortened to NESIS. In the scale, there are 5 categories. Category 1 would have 4-10 inches of snow on the ground. Category 3 would have 10-20 inches of snow while category 5 is extreme.

How does a blizzard form?

This is a very powerful Blizzard

To form this terrible weather, it needs three things: 1^st, Cold air. You need this to make snow. 2^nd, lots of moisture. You need this to make clouds. Finally, warm air. The warm air needs to go on top of cold air. This creates a front. It makes a large snowstorm, also known as a blizzard. If you have more of the blizzard ingredients, the more powerful the storm is.

Introduction of Blizzards

This is a picture of a blizzard

A blizzard is a powerful snowstorm. It is very dangerous because it may be very hard to see. Because of the and the very low temperatures that come with a blizzard, It is very possible to get frostbite and hypothermia. Those are infections because of extreme coldness.The snow on the ground can get extremely deep.